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Research Update | October 2018

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on October 3, 2018 – 1:59 pm
Filed under Anthropology, Research

 

 

 

Reading Haddon …

Four years ago, I was given the job of finding out what exactly was going on in the Dublin Anthropometric Laboratory, which was established in TCD in 1891. My research has focussed on the Laboratory’s programme of ethnographic surveys in the west of Ireland, which were conducted by “head-hunters” Alfred Cort Haddon and Charles R. Browne between 1892 and 1900.

The main question is this: what do the surveys tell us about the development of (1) social documentary photography in Ireland and (2) a western imaginary based on island life in the west of Ireland? My research also considers the ethical and practical implications of placing material from the laboratory–including anatomical specimens–into the public domain, especially in the context of debates about the relation between body, image, and identity in contemporary Ireland.

 

BBC Northern Ireland on location in “Old” Anatomy TCD in 2018. Brendan Holland and Martina Hennessy, TCD School of Medicine, discuss the relevance of historic anatomical/anthropological specimens to current medical research (see the Giant Gene)

 

Four years on the project is entering its final phase. The tricky task of converting extensive  work on primary sources in Dublin and Cambridge is well underway and slowly taking shape as a text. This text is structured around the idea of murderous, little facts from the hidden spaces of anthropology in Ireland. These facts have produced some interesting results; not least the need for some radical new thinking about the history of anthropology as a whole.

 

Ugly Little Facts: Aidan Baker, Librarian of the Haddon Library in Cambridge, with a collection of papers relating to the Aran Islands. The documents were placed in an envelope in 1913 and “lost.” They were rediscovered in 2013 in a search for Haddon’s notes and/or other papers relating to “The Ethnography of the Aran Islands, County Galway” (Haddon &  Browne 1893). 

 

Murderous Little Facts

The origin of this trope–ugly little facts–comes from an unlikely source. Thomas Henry Huxley is credited with coining the phrase in a conversation recalled by Francis Galton in his memoirs (1908).  Herbert Spencer revealed in conversation that he once wrote a tragedy. Huxley declared that the ‘catastrophe had to be a ‘beautiful theory killed by a nasty ugly little fact.’

My theory–or historiographical framework perhaps–is that the disciplinary history of anthropology operates around a foundational trope. Haddon is represented as taking anthropology out of the armchair and into the field in 1898; after he had escaped from the Darwinian backwater that was Dublin in the 1890s. That claim is not supported by facts in the Haddon papers and related sources but, repeated often enough, it has become a form of disciplinary folklore that has compressed the history of anthropology and circumscribed narratives like that of the  Dublin Anthropometric Laboratory.

 

Reading Haddon: A small section of the Haddon Papers in Cambridge University Library.

 

The strategy I have adopted in response is to use overlooked primary sources as “tropocidal” facts; using ugly, little facts gleaned from the forgotten spaces of anthropology to kill off the armchair trope and suggest some alternative narratives. The Dublin Anthropometric Laboratory, in this scenario,  becomes  (1) the site of a  struggle for disciplinary authority between conservative (biological) and radical (sociological) elements within “organised” anthropology in the 1890s, (2) an agent of the development of an equally radical, photo-ethnographic practice in fieldwork associated with the Laboratory and (3) the starting point for John Millington Synge’s exploration of peasant life in the West of Ireland.

 

 

Photography as ethnography: a photograph taken by Browne on the Great Blasket Island in 1897.  The man in the middle is Tomás Ó Criomhtain, An tOileánach, one of the most celebrated figures of the Blasket Island Community and an important figure in folklore studies in Ireland. Photograph courtesy of the Board of TCD.

 

Forgotten Spaces

This study is  grounded in the discovery of artefacts,  records, and photographs associated with the Dublin Anthropometric Laboratory, which prompted a new reading of Haddon’s association with it. In 2014 Siobhán Ward of TCD started unpacking tea chests containing a substantial collection of historical material from the School of Anatomy.  This material included specimens, instruments, records, paper and a spectacular collection of glass plate negatives dating from 1890. This material had ‘disappeared’ in 1948 when it was placed in long-term storage under the theatre in the “Old” Anatomy Building.

Reconstruction of the anthropological collection began in February 2016 and the contents of the tea chests have since been recorded, sorted, and tallied with related material in other collections in Ireland and UK. It wasn’t long before a gap opened up between the conventional history of pre-modern anthropology in Ireland and the ugly little facts —documentary and material— that had  emerged from “Old” Anatomy.

 

“Unpacking” the Dublin Anthropometric Laboratory in 2016. An early photograph showing the anatomical and anthropological material discovered in the “Old” Anatomy building in 2014. The records of the Laboratory and associated artefacts are visible in the foreground. They include the schedules of measurements taken in the Aran Islands in 1892, Daniel J. Cunningham’s cast of the cranial topography of a chimpanzee, and some of the psychometric instruments designed by Francis Galton.

 

Finally …

“Unpacking” the Laboratory has become, unexpectedly, a confrontation with the historiography of anthropology. This has meant spending just over two years reading what Haddon wrote – rather than reading about what Haddon was thought to have done – and this  has produced some interesting new narratives.

 

This part of the project will conclude in 2019 … hopefully.

 

Ciarán Walsh | Oct 3, 2018

 

 

 

 

 

Ciarán Walsh elected fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on August 4, 2015 – 1:28 pm
Filed under Anthropology, Education, Research

Logo of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, posted by Ciarán Walsh of www.curator.ie

 

Ciarán Walsh has been elected a Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute. This follows his pioneering work on the Irish Ethnographic Survey and the impact this had on the early development of anthropology in Ireland and the UK. Walsh first presented this material at a conference on anthropology and photography in the British Museum in 2014. In 2015 he presented an update on his research as part of  the Fellows seminar series in the Institute in London, along with his research partner Dr. Jocelyne Dudding of Cambridge University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (CUMAA). He will present a further paper on the connection between the Irish Ethnographic Survey and the institutional development of the RAI at a conference in December 2015. This will be based on new work that has been done as part of his postgraduate research in Maynooth University (Anthropology).

 

RAI Research Seminar: Walsh & Dudding, RAI RESEARCH SEMINAR SEMINAR SERIES AT THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Haddon in Ireland, reconstructing the archive of the Irish Ethnographic Survey Ciarán Walsh, Maynooth University Dr Joe Dudding, Arch and Anth Museum, Cambridge Wednesday 8 April at 5.30 pm This illustrated talk outlines a project to reconstruct the archive of the Irish Ethnographic Survey that was established by Haddon in 1891 under the umbrella of the British Ethnographic Survey. The Irish Survey was overshadowed by subsequent developments in Cambridge / Torres but, unlike the British Survey, it was active 'in the field' for almost a decade. The records of the Survey were dispersed over collections in Ireland and the UK where they have remained uncatalogued and largely overlooked for 120 years. Recent research has however, uncovered manuscripts, photographs and artifacts (the contents of Haddon's Anthropometric Laboratory in Dublin for instance) that have the capacity to change our understanding of the early development of Anthropology in Ireland and the UK. More work needs to be done and the role played by the RAI in particular in the establishment by Haddon of the Survey and the Laboratory in Dublin needs to be examined. This event is free, but tickets must be booked. To book tickets please go to http://walshdudding.eventbrite.co.uk Location : Royal Anthropological Institute, London

Jocelyne Dudding (Cambridge University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology) and Ciarán Walsh (Curator.ie and Maynooth University) .

 

 

Ciarán Walsh rewrites the history of anthropology at a conference organised by the Royal Anthropological Institute in the British Museum

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on July 2, 2014 – 4:40 pm
Filed under Anthropology, Heritage, Photography, Research

Photograph show Jocelyne Dudding, Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge and Ciarán Walsh, www.curator.ie, posing for a photograph in the foyer of the British Museum in London. They were participating in a conference organised by the Royal Anthropological Institute and the British Museum on the links between Anthropology and Photography.

Jocelyne Dudding, Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge and Ciarán Walsh of www.curator.ie  in the foyer of the British Museum in London. 




It’s a big claim, but papers presented by Jocelyne Dudding and Ciarán Walsh at the Anthropology and Photography conference in the British Museum (May 2014)  have challenged the chronology  of the early development of British anthropology and Haddon’s role in it.

Dudding and Walsh have been working on the ‘Haddon In Ireland’ project for the past 6 months, focussing on  photographic and manuscript collections that are held in Cambridge  – in the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (MAA), the Haddon Library and the University Library. 

They presented preliminary finding of their research at a conference organised by the Royal Anthropological Institute and the British Museum. The research, part funded by the Heritage Council of Ireland, is part of a project that is attempting to reconstruct the archive of the Irish Ethnographic Survey of 1891-1903.

The photographic record of the  the Survey, the photograph albums of Charles R. Browne, were published by  www.curator.ie in 2012 as part of the  the ‘Irish Headhunter’ project. The albums are held in TCD but there was no trace of any paperwork that could place them in context. The search moved to Cambridge and significant work has been done in the photographic collections of the MAA  and the Haddon Papers in the Haddon and University Libraries there.

Preliminary findings suggest that the Survey, established by Haddon and Cunningham in TCD in 1891,  played a much greater role in Haddon’s transition from Zoology to Anthropology than had previously been thought. The photographic record, correspondence and journal entries reveal a lot about Haddon’s role in the survey with significant implications for the history of the early development of anthropology.

These are being teased as the ‘Haddon in Ireland’ project continues with the re-construction of the archive of the Irish Ethnographic Survey.

 

 

 

 

‘Haddon In Ireland’ project commences in Cambridge

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on May 5, 2014 – 8:07 am
Filed under Anthropology, Exhibition, Heritage, Photography, Research

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www.curator.ie has commenced work on a project that promises to significantly rewrite the history of the early development of anthropology. Supported by a grant from the Heritage Council of Ireland, the initial phase of the ‘Haddon In Ireland’ project comprises of an assessment of unpublished photographs and manuscripts held in the Haddon Library and the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (MAA) in Cambridge, in partnership with Aidan Baker, Librarian at Haddon, and Jocelyne Dudding, Manager of Photographic Collections at the MAA.

Aidan Risbeth Ciaran

Aidan Baker, Margaret Rishbeth (granddaughter of Alfred Cort Haddon) and Ciarán Walsh at the launch of the ‘Irish Headhunter’ exhibition in the Haddon Library in 2013.

www.curator.ie and Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge agree on joint research project

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on December 13, 2013 – 4:48 pm
Filed under Heritage, Photography, Research

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Further details to be announced in January 2014.

 

www.curator.ie participating in RAI conference on anthropology and photography, London.

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on December 11, 2013 – 4:01 pm
Filed under Criticism, Heritage, Photography

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www.curator.ie is participating in a conference on anthropology and photography being organised by the RAI (Royal Anthropological Institute) in the British Museum, London, on 29th- 31st May 2014.

Ciarán Walsh is a member of a panel being convened by Dr Jocelyne Dudding of the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology in Cambridge University. The panel came together as a result of the ‘Headhunter’ project being shown in Cambridge University in September followed by the National University of Ireland Maynooth in October 2013. Dr. Mark H. Maguire, Dept. of Anthropology, NUI Maynooth and Dáithí de Mórdha of Ionad an Bhlascaoid Mhóir (The Great Blasket Centre) will also be taking part. Dáithí is co-curator of the ‘Headhunter’ project.

The panel will be examining the importance of photography in the Ethnographic Survey of Ireland of 1891-1903 in the context of social, cultural and political issues that framed anthropology in Ireland in the 1890s and, continue to influence it to this day.

Information: RAI (Royal Anthropological Institute)

‘Headhunter’ exhibition opens in National University of Ireland Maynooth

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on October 15, 2013 – 8:18 pm
Filed under Exhibition, Heritage, Photography

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The Irish ‘Headhunter,’ the photograph albums of Charles R. Browne exhibition has opened in the Library of the National University of Ireland Maynooth. The exhibition has been organised by Anthropology Society President Nicola Reynolds in association with Head of Department Mark Maguire. There was a big turn out for the opening address by Steve Coleman, Lecturer at Maynooth.

The exhibition runs until 22 October.

More information:

http://anthropology.nuim.ie/node/205

 

 

 

 

‘Headhunter’ exhibition opens in The National Museum Of Ireland, Country Life.

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on January 7, 2013 – 12:02 pm
Filed under Exhibition, Heritage

The photograph shows the 'Headhunter' exhibition being installed in The National Museum of Ireland. It features a half plate field camera (c 1895) and a skull sitting on top of a display case while members of the museum's staff hang the photographs of Charles R Browne in the background. The exhibition was developed by Ciarán Walsh of EYEBALL publishing,web www.curator.ie, an independent curator based in Balltheigue, Co Kerry, Ireland. It was developed with Dáithí de Mórddha of Ionad an Bhlascaoid Mhóir,Blasket Centre, Dún Chaoin, with funding from the OPEW and the Heritage Council.

 

 

The photograph shows the ‘Headhunter’ exhibition being installed in The National Museum of Ireland | Country Life in Turlough Park, Castlebar. It features a half plate field camera (c 1895 provided by Chris Rodmell) and a skull sitting on top of a display case while members of the museum’s staff hang the photographs of Charles R Browne in the background. The exhibition was developed by Ciarán Walsh of www.curator.ie and Dáithí de Mórdha of Ionad an Bhlascaoid Mhóir,Blasket Centre, Dún Chaoin, with funding from the OPW and the Heritage Council. Séamas Mac Philib of  The National Museum of Ireland | Country Life is the curator. The exhibition runs until May 2013.

 

For more information contact  Country Life at  

+353 94 903 1755

or 

tpark@museum.ie

or visit the website at

http://www.museum.ie/en/exhibition/the-irish-headhunter.aspx

 

Headhunters: Special Showing in OPW Headquarters, Trim.

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on December 4, 2012 – 4:00 pm
Filed under Exhibition, Heritage

Publicity shot of the 'Headhunter' exhibition in the headquarters of the OPW (Office of Public Works)  in Trim, Co. Meath, in the east of Ireland. The exhibition entitled 'The Irish Headhunter, The photograph Albums of Charles R. Browne' was developed by Ciarán Walsh who runs www.curator.ie, a web orientated media and punlishing company based in Ballyheigue.

 

‘HEADHUNTERS’  IN TRIM

The ‘Headhunter’ exhibition has been touring the west of Ireland since May, starting in the Blasket Centre and moving through Aran, Connemara and on to Meath where it has just opened in  the spectacular building that is the headquarters of the OPW  – by architect Pat Boyle of the OPW and worth a look in itself.  The Headhunter project was developed with support from the OPW.

It is on show there until the 14 December and   this is the last chance to see the exhibition in the Pale. It moves back west in December  when it goes on show in the National Museum of Ireland, Country Life in Castlebar.

 

 

‘Headhunter’ exhibition moves to the National Museum Of Ireland – Country Life in Mayo.

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Posted by Ciaran Walsh on November 19, 2012 – 12:06 pm
Filed under Exhibition, Heritage

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Latest News



TCD to announce return of ancestral remains to Inishbofin



Blogging resumes on Ballymaclinton: An Irish giant, 24 stolen skulls, one colonial legacies project and a slave owner named Berkeley.



Is the TCD statement on the stolen skulls of Inishbofin a missed opportunity?



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